Grade 12 Economics

Standards

Description

Lessons

1

Explain the role of scarcity in answering the basics economic questions of what, how much, and for whom to produce

 
1.1 Identifying the positive and negative aspects of economic growth 3
1.2 Explaining how voluntary trade between nations illustrates the benefits of comparative advantage  
1.3 Identifying how factors of production and the circular flow of goods and services meet market needs 5

2

Compare the development and characteristics of the world's traditional, command, and market economies.  
2.1 Identify modern contributors to economics  
2.2 Describing the struggle experienced by economies in transition 9
2.3 Explaining how the desire for growth potential, labor supplies, product supplies, and adaptive capability influence a country's choice of economic system 9
2.4 Comparing the cost and benefits of economic growth 3
2.5 Explain the why the characteristics of a market economy result in a thriving economy 5
2.6 Contrasting economic systems of various countries with the market economy of the United States 5

3

Analyze graphs to determine changes in supply and demand and their effect on equilibrium price and quantity

 
3.1 Illustrating how changes in the determinants of supply and demand affect the supply and demand for products in the market. 13
3.2 Explaining the impact of government imposed price-ceilings and floors and the impact of taxes and regulations on the market demand for a product. 12
4 Explain the impact of the labor market on the economy of the United States  
4.1 Identifying regional characteristics of the labor force of the United States  
4.2 Explain how supply and demand for labor affect wages 3
4.3 Describing characteristics that are most likely to increase wages and nonwage benefits 7
5

Explain the competitive nature of the market system

 
5.1 Comparing sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, and cooperatives 10
5.2 Describing costs and benefits of entrepreneurial decisions 5
5.3 Describing how market exchange serves as a means of economic planning for producers  
5.4 Describing the functions of financial markets including the stock market and the bond market.  
6 Explain the cost and benefits of government intervention in the economy of the United States  
6.1 Identifying the economic goals of the United States 6
6.2 Tracing the impact of government regulations on business and labor relations 5
6.3 Explaining conditions where government intervention may be chosen 6
6.4 Comparing systems of taxation at national, state, and local levels 1
6.5 Predicting the effect of public policy decisions on the individual 5
6.6 Explaining the cost and benefit of running a deficit and large national debt 3
6.7 Describe the effect of the patent system of the United States on the number of inventions produced in the United States  
7

Describe the methods by which the United States measures domestic output, national income, and price level

 
7.1 Identifying the contribution of final goods and services to the computation of GDP 3
7.2 Compares data from various regions of the United States and other national economies  
7.3 Describe the function of the CPI 4
8

Describe the effect of fluctuation in national output and its relationship to the causes and costs  of unemployment and inflation.

 
8.1 Identify factors involved in the business cycle 3
8.2 Contrasting monetary, cost-push, and demand-pull inflation 4
8.3 Contrasting frictional, structural, seasonal, and cyclical unemployment 2
8.4 Describing components of unemployment statistics as defined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics 2
8.5 Identifying reasons for regional differences in unemployment statistics  
8.6 Discuss the pros and cons of government policies aimed at unemployment and underemployment  
8.7 Comparing causes for unemployment in Alabama to those in the nation  
9 Describe economic stabilization policies of the United States  
9.1 Explaining how the levels of taxes, government spending, and interest rates affect consumer and consumption and saving.  
9.2 Explaining fiscal policy options for manipulating levels of output and inflation  
10 Explain the role of money and the structure of the banking system in the United States  
10.1 Contrasting the effectiveness of bartering and money exchange in an economic system 3
10.2 Explaining the creation of money through the multiplier effect 3
10.3 Explaining the origin of the Federal Reserve and its influence on inflation and deflation 5
10.4 Explaining the function of federal insurance programs in protecting consumer savings  
11

Explain the past and present impact of the Federal Reserve on the economy of the United States

 
11.1 Describing the structure and monetary policies of the Fed 3
11.2 Describing tools available to the Federal Reserve to stabilize the economy 2
11.3 Identifying the primary responsibilities of the Federal Reserve  
12

Explain the basic elements of international trade

 
12.1 Analyzing the impact of developing nations on the global economy 4
12.2 Analyzing the impact of the trade deficit on the economy of the United States  
12.3 Explain how trade according to the Law of Comparative Advantage affects both poor and rich nations. 3
12.4 Analyzing the impact of trade policy on international trade 5
12.5 Describing political and economic alliances 5

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